Archive for 2010

Starts in which folder or drive where the Windows Explorer can be changed. To view the standard of libraries in Windows 7 to get away in favor of a particular drive, can be taken as follows:

The link to the Windows Explorer can be changed in the Start menu, or you copied it. As of right click -> properties should appear% windir% \ explorer.exe. The destination can be easily attach here.

Example:

• c - C drive
• % HOMEDRIVE% - also typically drive C.
• % USERPROFILE% - the user's own files
• % USERPROFILE% \ Downloads - their own downloads
• {:: 20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D} - open My Computer

To the libraries in the Windows Explorer to remove the Windows 7 or to conceal, the following registry keys are used. Also restore the default settings is included.

Download: ZIP

On this day there is the updated Youth Media Protection State Treaty (JMStV) that you want to 01.01.2011 appear in a new version in force, nor in the vote. The rubber stamp appears very likely. The changes must necessarily be scheduled.

We consider here only the part that applies to operators of Web sites.

All vendors will receive a choice of content such as text, video, pictures, forum entries as appropriate for certain ages of children and adolescents identified. Alternatively, you can restrict access to that content (Alters-/Ausweisverifikation with recognized service) or make them available only at certain times (such as airtime in television).

This is clearly harmful to young people offers new editions have not. That all sites in the (German) Internet now will have met, is a major innovation. The possibilities for verification and transmission times are normal sites completely past the personalities of the network. Even if this simple to implement or impractical to handle, would be the disadvantages - even in European and international competition - would be so immense, that the relocation of the offer to foreign countries is an advantage.

Is retained on the marking of the contents.

Concrete

• the imprint of each site must now be a youth protection officer with all the contact details mentioned operators analogous to
• for adoption of the JMStV guidelines are expected to be marked as content (eg meta tags), this must be implemented
• to different types of content are marked different, are each required for small to large web site updates
• From the guidelines for identifying the different standards for child safety programs are shown (this is expected in mid-2011), this then there are adjustments to make

Consequences

In violation of the labeling seen in front of the JMStV fines up to 500,000 €. Also threatened again a (unfortunately justified) warning wave due to violations of competition law, which can quickly affect everyone. Moreover, operators are also responsible for mislabeled content. If such an offer as FSK0 classified and it is located somewhere similar to the site an image, text, video can FSK12 content, an offense is also punishable in front of and be warned.

At this stage, for reasons of prudence without further changes to the site just as surely the classification FSK18.

View

That is the reality on the Internet heavily JMStV passing by a typical German bureaucracy and professionals take part in only his head, but suggests the absence of any consultation charge. He is also part of many discussions and he is still trying to prevent.

Some large companies in Germany already terminate although 31.12.2010 to leave the legal area of ​​Germany to continue to operate your offer sensible way - but this is not so easy for everyone. It is also likely that a very large proportion of German offers is simply excellent as FSK18 and no further testing is carried out or invested effort / cost in this topic. This will cause the child safety programs are conducted ad absurdum, because then it is no normal surf the internet will be more possible. For example, shows the futility of these conditions and in the interest of the economy, including your organizations then surely there will be changes.

Important! The JMStV also applies to private sites. This applies not only imprint, subject commercial websites.

Are found in Winamp when extracting audio CDs to the following error ...

"Failed to Title # 1 - no decoder found" or "Error in Title # 1 - Decoder not found"

.. it may be next to a broken installation is a simple reason. Winamp can not work with optical drives that have the letters in C. Thus, if we an optical drive on A or B in Windows, because they're free anyway, so this problem appears. Solution: use a standard drive letter.

The device manager of Windows can be moved since 2000 with Windows environment variables to really view them all. These include the hidden devices, and not (any longer)-present hardware. Very useful to clean up problems.

To obtain this view is given to the following two environment variables (in the system, not the user)

set_devmgr_show_hidden_devices
set_devmgr_show_nonpresent_devices

respectively with the value 1.

Restarting the Device Manager then brings the desired result. "Show hidden devices" option continues to fulfill its purpose!

To 11 June 2010 some changes occurred in the legal right to force. In the field of online stores here the summary of what there is to be observed:

There are two deadlines for the return policy / the period of revocation. 14 days and one month. 14 days are allowed only if the corresponding instruction was provided in the contract. This was legally in online auctions have not properly the case in online stores, however, no problem. The legislature has now created the opportunity to give the instruction to cancel and immediately upon conclusion of the contract. The emphasis here is on immediately and allowed as a maximum. be understood one day after the conclusion of the contract in the mail. Thus it can be set instead of one month and the same periods generally at online stores also in commercial on-line auctions, the period of 14 days.

The same rule applies to the claim for compensation in case of improper operation of new material, with which there were also problems in online auctions. Here also is the provision of instruction during or immediately after signing the contract.

Regulation of the Civil Code Information Regulations, contained in the regulations is repealed. Instead, they are included in the Introductory Act to the Civil Code (IACC). This has implications insofar as the rules now have the legal character and the corresponding pattern of revocation is no longer so abmahnfähig and their pattern is valid again.

As a reminder, here since 2009, the valid revocation pattern in PDF format:

Musterwiderrufsbelehrung_2009

On the news has responded as ebay and published a new text, which can be seen here: ebay right portal for pattern-Revocation

PDFcreator acts like a PDF printer on the network and provides for the purpose of extracting a server installation. The current version 0.99 is designed for Windows 2000 and Windows 7, including the Server versions up to 2008 and including 64 bit. There are some minor limitations in server mode. This should be from the next version needs further elaboration.

This article describes the organization as a service on Windows Server 2003 and the subsequent connection of clients including Windows 7 64 bit.

First, the original installer to download and install on your server - Download

Choose the server installation. In addition, make sure you install the Toolbar does not install with.
Something has to search on a server at all.

Following the installation then share the printer created in the Control Panel.

Furthermore PDFcreator start and adjust the settings. For network printing, automatic storage is required. This should be a directory set to a local hard drive, the startup is already available before the application (not an encrypted drive, not a UNC path).

Match is also the name of the files - client computer user such as date time is very useful.

PDFcreator also immortalized in the Startup folder - the entry must be removed.

To PDFcreator should be established, you need the resource kit tools. Here is the download for Windows Server 2003. The tools can also be used on other systems.

For installation, the program will need srvany.exe, which is copied into the directory of PDcreator (eg c: \ windows \ pdfcreator).

The service will be installed using two commands on the command line - cmd file download.

sc create "PDFCreator" start= auto binpath= "c:\Programme\PDFCreator\srvany.exe"
sc description "PDFCreator" "Dienst um PDF Dateien im Netzwerk zu drucken"

And by entry in the registry, you tell the service to run with what he is - . download reg file

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\PDFCreator\Parameters]
"Application"="C:\\Programme\\PDFCreator\\PDFCreator.exe"

If you want to change the user under which the service is running, the service is to open the Control Panel and adjust accordingly. Default is the local system account without interactivity, which for this configuration (local drive) works immediately. When another user, make sure that this directory has write permissions for the files. Furthermore, the user must be notified and provided with their own settings in PDFcreator.

The service should now be able to start. And a first pressure from the same computer should yield the desired PDF.

To connect to the printer over the network with other computers, it should be noted that the installation is only the printer driver which brings to the target system is needed. In the case of Windows Server 2003 32 bit, you can connect only 32-bit clients immediately. For 64 bit systems, it is currently required to install PDFcreator on the client machine to connect the printer and then uninstall the program again. This will improve the behavior of version 1.0, so the server directly holds various drivers.

To fully restore a hard drive (like state for new equipment, un-initialized), using Windows dispkart best tool.

It also resets hidden information on RAID volume, EFI partitions and remnants of GPT partitions.

This will start a one line prompt as an administrator and is a:

diskpart
list disk

The hard disk should be clearly indicated.

select disk 2
clean

Sets the hard drive 2 back in full.

Then you call the Disk Management:

• Start
• -> Administration or -> Control Panel -> Administrative Tools
• -> Computer Management
• -> Disk Management

It follows the call to initialize the new hard disk and partition / format.

This error message occurs if you try with PHP 5.3 on a MySQL server to access and use the account or the MySQL server is "old-password". PHP 5.3 uses the new native MySQL extension mysqlnd, which is not old-password support.

Old-password is not used on purpose, it is probably an old account. The password must be reset by:

SET PASSWORD FOR 'account'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('passwort');

In order for a new hash is created.

Old-password is used intentionally (old connectors), so you have to go back to PHP 5.2. There, using the MySQL extension mysql the usual mechanisms.

Which accounts are affected, you can check with:

SELECT Host, User, Password FROM mysql.user;

16 places in the Password column = old password
41 points in the Password column = new password

If, for applications ranging from OpenAL (Alchemy of Creative) make use, again and again to crash into the form. "Exe has stopped working" is, together with error 1000 in event log, then this is the interaction with the Creative X-Fi sound card .

These errors are due to problems with the X-Ram. In current versions of OpenAL that is already fixed. Applications or games but like to bring their own files. Therefore, grab the latest versions OpenAL in C: stores \ Windows \ System32 not.

So you installed the latest version of OpenAL (link) and then copies the files:

OpenAL32.dll
wrap_oal.dll

in the application's directory and replace the existing files. Then the problem should be fixed.

In cases where an installation to new hardware order, so that is a rule that the Office package must be reactivated. Office had already been activated, this can result in errors. Does the automatic activation is no longer on the Internet, are advised to telephone activation. Does not start this, so manual intervention is necessary.

The old activation is to be deleted - to be removed from the file Opa12.dat following path:

C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\OFFICE\DATA

Search on systems prior to Windows Vista, please file on your hard disk.

After this start an Office program, and dials the telephone activation.

As a larger version for setting up Exim4 to use SMTP-AUTH and TLS, here is a guide on how to install based on the Exim4 SMTP Auth with TLS and mailbox access via POP3 or IMAP (both also with TLS) can be established.

Thus supports the following protocols: SMTP, SSMTP with authentication, POP3, pop3s, imap2, IMAPS.

Exim4 as the default mail transport agent (MTA) from debian comes in two versions: light and heavy. The Heavy variant can be extended well for more than just local mail delivery. First of all may have used the light-heavyweight package of Exim4 from the version to be replaced. This is possible at any time without changes to the configuration.

aptitude install exim4-daemon-heavy

Then install some packages to the total for the setup are required.

aptitude install courier-authdaemon courier-imap courier-imap-ssl courier-pop courier-pop-ssl swaks libnet-ssleay-perl ssl-cert

The process of authentication with this setup looks like this: Connection -> exim4 -> Courier -> System (PAM). The users are local users, and thus they stand in resources such as / etc / passwd, / etc / group and / etc / shadow.

So the future users also have a folder structure for e-mail, we create such a set of new user accounts. maildirmake created the structure in / etc / skel.

maildirmake /etc/skel/Maildir

Existing users without folder structure for e-mail can get the folder is added:

maildirmake ~/Maildir

It is recommended that user to sort them into groups. For example, e-mail users, users with valid shell .. the order should be made before one invests a lot of users. This example assumes our group of companies "Solip" for this purpose. All users to have no shell access, but a post office box.

groupadd solip
useradd -g solip -s /bin/false -d /home/demouser demouser

Users can also later still at any point with the command usermod to change.

To the settings of Courier nothing needs to be changed. However, you need a change to the certificate for IMAPS and POP3S:

rm -rf /etc/courier/*.pem
make-ssl-cert /usr/share/ssl-cert/ssleay.cnf /etc/courier/imapd.pem
make-ssl-cert /usr/share/ssl-cert/ssleay.cnf /etc/courier/pop3d.pem

Optionally, if the authentication does not work later, has yet to be made the following change:

chmod 755 /var/run/courier/authdaemon

Now we check whether the services run:

netstat -utal | egrep -e 'pop|imap'

The output should look like this:

tcp6 0 0 [::]:imaps [::]:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 [::]:pop3s [::]:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 [::]:pop3 [::]:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 [::]:imap2 [::]:* LISTEN

Now we check the IMAP server, including an interactive login:

telnet localhost imap2
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain.
Escape character is '^]'.
* OK [CAPABILITY IMAP4rev1 UIDPLUS CHILDREN NAMESPACE THREAD=ORDEREDSUBJECT THREAD=REFERENCES SORT QUOTA IDLE ACL ACL2=UNION STARTTLS] Courier-IMAP ready. Copyright 1998-2008 Double Precision, Inc. See COPYING for distribution information.
AB LOGIN "root" "CHANGE"
AB OK LOGIN Ok.
BC SELECT "Inbox"
* FLAGS ($MDNSent NonJunk $Forwarded $label1 $label2 \Draft \Answered \Flagged \Deleted \Seen \Recent)
* OK [PERMANENTFLAGS ($MDNSent NonJunk $Forwarded $label1 $label2 \* \Draft \Answered \Flagged \Deleted \Seen)] Limited
* 190 EXISTS
* 0 RECENT
* OK [UIDVALIDITY 1205133440] Ok
* OK [MYRIGHTS "acdilrsw"] ACL
BC OK [READ-WRITE] Ok
ZZZZ LOGOUT
* BYE Courier-IMAP server shutting down
ZZZZ OK LOGOUT completed
Connection closed by foreign host.

Now to Exim4. We generate an X.509 certificate for encryption. Exim4 has its own tool for this and related passages in the instructions.

bash /usr/share/doc/exim4-base/examples/exim-gencert

These are generated certificate and key in / etc/exim4.

Now the Exim4 configuration for TLS is to be adapted. Therefore we include gem. Documentation, type:

2.1.3. Using Exim Macros to control the configuration" and "2.2.2. Enabling TLS support for Exim as server" from /usr/share/doc/exim4-base/README.Debian.gz, you should create a file with name /etc/exim4/conf.d/main/000_localmacros (split configuration) or /etc/exim4/exim4.conf.localmacros (non-split configuration), and insert lines as following:
#####################################################
### main/03_exim4-config_tlsoptions
#####################################################
MAIN_TLS_ENABLE = true
tls_on_connect_ports = 465

Can also be determined yet at the same place if SMTP-AUTH must be encrypted or not. Standard is also approved in the clear.

auth_advertise_hosts = ${if eq{$tls_cipher}{}{}{*}}

Allows only encrypted connections SMTP-AUTH to use.

Since we would like to us encrypted Exim4 SMTP on port 465 for standard provides, we also edit / etc/default/exim4 as follows:

# options for daemon listening on port 25
SMTPLISTENEROPTIONS='-oX 465:25 -oP /var/run/exim4/exim.pid'

Now have in the section authenticators look at the Exim4 configuration PLAIN and LOGIN as follows. Adjust or replace is possible here.


plain_courier_authdaemon:
driver = plaintext
public_name = PLAIN
server_condition = \
${extract {ADDRESS} \
{${readsocket{/var/run/courier/authdaemon/socket} \
{AUTH ${strlen:exim\nlogin\n$auth2\n$auth3\n}\nexim\nlogin\n$auth2\n$auth3\n} }} \
{yes} \
fail}
server_set_id = $auth2
.ifndef AUTH_SERVER_ALLOW_NOTLS_PASSWORDS
server_advertise_condition = ${if eq{$tls_cipher}{}{}{*}}
.endif

: login_courier_authdaemon
driver = plaintext
public_name = LOG
server_prompts = Username ::: Password ::
server_condition = \
$ {Extract {ADDRESS} \
{{{$ Socket read / var / run / courier / authdaemon / socket} \
{AUTH $ {strlen: exim \ nlogin \ n AUTH1 $ \ n $ auth2 \ n} \ nexim \ nlogin \ n AUTH1 $ \ n $ auth2 \ n}}} \
{Yes} \
fail}
server_set_id = $ AUTH1
. Ifndef AUTH_SERVER_ALLOW_NOTLS_PASSWORDS
server_advertise_condition = $ {if eq {} {} {$ tls_cipher} {*}}
. Endif

If necessary. Exim4 is to configure yet. This may, at any time using dpkg-reconfigure exim4-config can be performed. Key points include:

• Split configuration into small files: No
• System mail name: Same as in certificate and in the System Configuration
• Delivery method for local mail: Maildir format in home directory

Now we check whether the SMTP service running as desired.

netstat -utal | egrep -e 'smtp|ssmtp'

The output should look something like this:

tcp 0 0 *:ssmtp *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 [::]:ssmtp [::]:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 [::]:smtp [::]:* LISTEN

Now you can try one time to send yourself an e-mail and also an external to an address:

echo "test" | mail -s "test" root
echo "test" | mail -s "test" test@domain.de

The Exim4 log / var/log/exim4/mainlog tells you that everything is running properly.

Now we check if TLS is active:

swaks -a -tls -q HELO -s localhost -au root -ap '<>'

And if using TLS authentication is also (please enter password):

swaks -a -tls -q AUTH -s localhost -au root

Now, still using Exim4 /etc/init.d/exim4 restart to restart and check the logs and the function.

Gmail is its reliability, mailbox sizes and SSL connectivity to create an interesting service by mail on the Web for one purpose or another.

Annoying is that the spam filters of Gmail is not as good as adjusted. You do not want to constantly repair the web interface for false positives and the detection rate of spam, then help turn off only the spam filter.

This can be accomplished as follows:

• -> Settings
• -> Filters
• -> Create New Filter
• Has the words: in: spam
• Confirm warning
• Option "Do not classify as spam" select
• Create Filter

Exim4 as the default mail transport agent (MTA) from debian comes in two versions: light and heavy. The Heavy variant can be extended well for more than just local mail delivery. It provides for, among others, House of authentication / etc / passwd and / etc / shadow.

Introduce here a little guide to SMTP authentication and to use TLS transport encryption.

First of all may have used the light-heavyweight package of Exim4 from the version to be replaced. This is possible at any time without changes to the configuration.

aptitude install exim4-daemon-heavy

Then we generate an X.509 certificate for encryption. Exim4 has its own tool for this and related passages in the instructions.

bash /usr/share/doc/exim4-base/examples/exim-gencert

These are generated certificate and key in / etc/exim4.

Now the Exim4 configuration for TLS is to be adapted. Therefore we include gem. Documentation, type:

2.1.3. Using Exim Macros to control the configuration" and "2.2.2. Enabling TLS support for Exim as server" from /usr/share/doc/exim4-base/README.Debian.gz, you should create a file with name /etc/exim4/conf.d/main/000_localmacros (split configuration) or /etc/exim4/exim4.conf.localmacros (non-split configuration), and insert lines as following:
#####################################################
### main/03_exim4-config_tlsoptions
#####################################################
MAIN_TLS_ENABLE = true
tls_on_connect_ports = 465

Can also be determined yet at the same place if SMTP-AUTH must be encrypted or not. Standard is also approved in the clear.

auth_advertise_hosts = ${if eq{$tls_cipher}{}{}{*}}

Allows only encrypted connections SMTP-AUTH to use.

Since we would like to us encrypted Exim4 SMTP on port 465 for standard provides, we also edit / etc/default/exim4 as follows:

# options for daemon listening on port 25
SMTPLISTENEROPTIONS='-oX 465:25 -oP /var/run/exim4/exim.pid'

Exim4 can authenticate against the local user and thus, the daemon needs access to / etc / shadow. These rights must be changed so the Exim4, which is as user Debian-exim and group Debian-exim is running (note spelling), can also access it.

chgrp Debian-exim /etc/shadow
chmod g+r /etc/shadow

Now have in the section authenticators look at the Exim4 configuration PLAIN and LOGIN as follows. Adjust or replace is possible here.

plain:
driver = plaintext
public_name = PLAIN
server_prompts = :
server_set_id = $2
server_condition = "${if pam{$2:$3}{1}{0}}"

: Login
driver = plaintext
public_name = LOG
server_prompts = "Username ::: Password ::"
server_set_id = $ 1
server_condition = "$ {if pam {$ 1: $ 2} {1} {0}}"

Now, still using Exim4 /etc/init.d/exim4 restart to restart and check the logs and the function.

The familiar Quick Launch toolbar, which was introduced with Windows 2000 and from 2000 until Vista is enabled by default in Windows 7 is not available. The new taskbar so integrated now very comfortable and probably many more tasks ranging good for their direct links.

If you want to use the old Quick Launch bar, however, so you do not need extra software. It is still included in the system and must be activated.

Proceed as follows:

• Right click on bar below
• -> Toolbars
• -> New Toolbar ...
• Navigate to C: \ Users \% userprofile% \ AppData \ Roaming \ Microsoft \ Internet Explorer \ Quick Launch
• And add this folder

The Quick Launch toolbar has changed a bit so they are again as in previous versions. Icon size, labels can all be adjusted by all the right mouse button.

To make the Quick Launch toolbar on the left side of the screen is a little patience is required when dragging and dropping. The fixation of the toolbars and start solving the most in almost empty Quick Launch bar.

Tips:

• If the Quick Launch toolbar after rebooting no longer exists, then please restore and save the current display settings
• For 32-bit versions of Windows 7, it may happen that the UAC control must be switched off permanently move to the Quick Launch toolbar

For many, the Apple Bonjour protocol ends up on the computer. And then out of date and makes it like a security hole dar. because Bonjour is a networking service. Furthermore, one wonders why they need this at all - especially since it is not just a tool, but can run a service and resources identified in the network and provides. What can we all just Bonjour here read.

On the computer, it probably came with software such as iTunes from Apple. But also install other products such as Adobe's Creative Suite for it's own version cue function.

If you want to get rid of Bonjour, one quickly realizes that this is not so simple. It appears at all in the Control Panel software installed on (for example, Adobe CS3 is not the case), you should uninstall it there first. This removed but not to active duty and the files.

This requires you using a command prompt in the program directory issued by Bonjour. C: \ WINDOWS or similar, depending on the version of Windows, there is a folder called "Bonjour". There has to be entered:

mDNSResponder.exe -remove
ren mdnsNSP.dll mdnsNSP.old

Then, restart the computer. The folder "Bonjour" can now be deleted completely and the service is removed.

Back in 2007 Google has carried out a study on the causes of failure of hard disks. To the SMART data from more than 100,000 hard drives were evaluated. Interestingly, this study in terms of current structures and capacities of hard drives. In bullet points, one can say that the study turned out the following things:

• SMART disk scanning error output (damaged surface) are very often
• Plates occupied with many spare sectors (property compensation) to move rapidly to a failure to
• Temperatures above 45 degrees Celsius make drives to create the older they are the more
• Too much cool (15-30 degrees Celsius), making the new panels to create
• Despite falling 36% of the SMART monitoring hard drive without previously reported an error to

Conclusion:

Because SMART can detect most of the errors, there is still a lot of sense to use these data. Good RAID controller to routine scans of your hard disks. This is usually initially turned off or set very conservatively to conduct monthly. A weekly scan of arrays and single disks is useful in any case. Of course you should also be notified of problems. For this, the RAID controller functions as appropriate to send e-mails have.

A smaller proportion of errors (those 36%) tend to go back to faulty electronics, and not on the disk mechanics / surfaces. Here are just a RAID systems help for redundancy and backups.

For example, starting from a rotating medium speed 9 cm fan (actively controlled via PWM / DC) reaches a current hard disk with 2 TB capacity (6 discs or more in 3.5 "enclosure), a temperature of 32 to 38 degrees at 20 degrees room temperature. More cooling is not necessary.

A recent drive for smaller desktop PCs with 320 GB capacity and sometimes provides a disk reaches only low temperatures. Here one of them could foresee such a drive to cool even still active.

Study (PDF):
google_research_disk_failures

The Federal Constitutional Court on 02.03.2010, the current data retention in the form as it is applied since 01.01.2008 repealed and declared unconstitutional. Previously stored data must be deleted, the corresponding regulations are void.

Such as the retention, based on an EU directive, the access provider to the 6-month storage of traffic data required, it has not explicitly condemned as illegal. But only the form as it was implemented in Germany.

The Federal Constitutional Court has set very high hurdles for further and detailed information shall be stored on storage for these are in conformity with the Constitution can be.

This case was the biggest complaint with the Constitution, the Federal Constitutional Court had to confront before. Almost 35,000 plaintiffs have joined forces to protest the disproportionate complete control to sue. Including Solip iT & web.

Opponents of retention to obtain on the basis of the judgment is now a review of the EU directive on data retention.

Related links:
www.vorratsdatenspeicherung.de

Cron is used on Linux to run scheduled tasks. The configuration to be found in:

• / Etc / crontab - system-wide
• / Etc / cron.d
• / Etc / cron.daily - daily call by crontab
• / Etc / cron.hourly - called by crontab hourly
• / Etc / cron - Monthly called by crontab
• / Etc / cron.weekly - weekly call Duch crontab

Furthermore, can be stored per user, a separate crontab. To create a file with a cron job and does this by:

cron dateiname

The format of cron files:

Instruction to be executed *****
┬ ┬ ┬ ┬ ┬
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ └ ─ ─ ─ ─ week (0-7) (Sunday = 0 or = 7)
│ │ │ └ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ month (1-12)
│ │ └ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ day (1-31)
│ └ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ hour (0-23)
└ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ minute (0-59)

The wildcard * can also be used.
Furthermore, as divider * / 2 - every 2nd Minute for example.
And areas such as 1-5 for weekdays as well.

In practice there is almost nothing that could withstand its schedule using cron.

With Windows 7, an innovation in the field of smart card was introduced authentication / login. Users of Windows 7 can use it without installing special software on their smart card security applications such as the application or signing documents. Prerequisite for such use, however, is to support the particular type of smart card by the manufacturer / publisher of the map.

For most smart cards in circulation, there is no such support, which means that at most a card is inserted into the card reader
Notification of an unsuccessful installation of driver software appears. This shall not mean the driver software of the card reader itself, which is probably for HBCI / banking smart cards already installed and working.

To suppress this message annoying at times, they can disable the Plug and Play Service for Smart Cards.

Windows 7 Professional and Ultimate

• Start -> Run -> gpedit.msc
• -> Computerkonfiguation
• -> Administrative Templates
• -> Windows Components
• -> Smart Card
• Smart Card Plug and Play Service

• right click -> Edit
• Deactivate

Apply or OK, close the editor and after a reboot, this rule is active.

Windows 7 Starter Edition and

These reduced versions of Windows are not the Group Policy Editor gpedit.msc available. This can and must manage so different. The following changes to the registry do so.

Disable:

x86
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\ScPnP]
"EnableScPnP"=dword:00000000

x64
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\ScPnP]
"EnableScPnP"=dword:00000000
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\ScPnP]
"EnableScPnP"=dword:00000000

Activate:

x86
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\ScPnP]
"EnableScPnP"=dword:00000001

x64
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\ScPnP]
"EnableScPnP"=dword:00000001
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\ScPnP]
"EnableScPnP"=dword:00000001